Furnace



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No. 535,409. ,Patented Mar. 12, 1895.

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PERNAGE. y No. 535,409. Patented Mar. 12,1895.

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FURNAGE,

No. 535,409. Patented Mm.l 12, 1895.

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F. H. RICHARDS. FURNAGB.

Patented Mar. 12,1895.

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FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO ECKLEY B. COXE, OF DRIFTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 535,409, dated March 12, 1895.

Application led October l1, 1894- Serial No. 525,570. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: l possible results in combustion, and also to Be it known that I, FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, a provide means for preventing the lighter parcitizen of the United States, residing at Hartticles of the fuel, or the residuum of the later ford, in the county of Hartford and State of stages of combustion, from being drawn into 55 Connecticut, have invented certain new and the iiues of the boiler.

useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which In the drawings accompanying and forming the following isa specication. part of this specification, Figure l, is a plan This invention, which appertains to locoview, on a relatively small scale, of a portion motve-engines, relates particularly to those of a locomotive-engine embodying my im- 6o Io features of the engine which eifect the comprovements. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal bustion of the fuel and upon which the effectsection of the same taken in line ct-o., Fig.` ive generation of steam is dependent. l, looking from the under side in said figure,

The object of my present invention is, pricertain elements thereof being shown in sidemarily, to provide in connection with a locoelevation. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan View, on 65 motive-engine an improved steam-boiler, hava relatively large scale, of a portion of a locoing a lire-box or reverberatory-chamber lomotive-engine and tender showing certain cated below the lines thereof, and to provide constituents of my present improvements in in connection with said boilerimproved grateconnection therewith. Fig. 4 is a central mechanism,includingan air-blast apparatus, longitudinal section of the same taken in 7o 2o especially adapted for facilitating the comline b-b, Fig. 3, looking from the under side bustion of the fuel and for insuring a maxiin said ligure, certain of thepelements being mum liberation of effective energy for steam shown in the side elevation. Fig. 5 is a reargeneration from a minimum amount of fuel end elevation of the locomotive-engine as and in the shortest possible length of time; seen from the left hand in Fig. 3, the tender z5 also to so construct and organize said grate being removed,and parts being broken away mechanism and the incorporator air-blast to more clearly show certain of the details, apparatus, that the fuel will have a continuand Fig. 6 is a front elevation of said locoous and progressive movement in the fire-box motive partially in vertical cross-section. or combustion-chamber; will be maintained Similar characters designate like parts in 8o 3o substantially in statu quo on the grate during all of the figures.

the successive stages of the combustion pe- In the drawings, only so much of the locoriod, and will be subject to successive airmotive-engine and its tender are shown as is blasts at varying pressures at successive deemed to'be necessary for clearly illustratpoints in the length of the traveling moveing the application and mode of operation of 35 ment thereof, corresponding to thesuccessive my improvements. The locomotiveengine varying stages of the combustion period, and is designated in a general Way by L, and its also to provide in connection with the fueltender by L. traveling furnace-floor (which constitutes a All of the parts of the locomotive-engine, component part of the grate mechanism) L, with the exception of the boiler, designated 9o 4o means for automatically feeding the fuel to in a general way by B; the hre-box or comsaid furnacefloor. bustion-chamber F; the smoke-box S; the Another object of the invention is to profurnace-floor or grate Gr, and those elements, vide means whereby the gaseous products which are in operative connection with said accruing from the later stages of combustion grate and which have a direct inliuence upon 45 are reverberated` and carried backward tothe combustion of the fuel, are, or may be, ward the rear end of the boiler and there 1n general construction andorganization, submingle with the products of the first stages stantially the saine as like parts in any ordiof the combustion period at the ignition area nary locomotive-engine, and it is, therefore, of the lire-boX, and in the rear of the boiler, deemed unnecessary, for afull comprehension rco 5o to -thereby bring the gases, smoke and air of my invention,to givea detailed description into such close contact as to secure the best of those parts of the locomotive-engine which have no operative connection with, or in no way effectively contribute to the results attained by, the elements comprised in my invention.

In the present instance, the Aboiler B, which is of the multi-flue variety, but of peculiar construction, and which is supported in the usual manner by a suitable frame-work A, (which frame-work is carried upon the driving-wheel axles 30 in the usual manner and is only partially shown) is provided at a point preferably in verticall alignment with the longitudinal axis thereof, with a tube or tine, 8, of relatively large diameter, which extends from end to end of the boiler and constitutes, practically, a forward extension of the firebox and is adapted for reverberating the products of the later stages of the combustion period causing them to `move backward and intermingle with the products ot the first stages of the combustion period, as will be hereinafter more fully described.

Located at the rearward end of the boiler B, with the lower portion thereof in communication with the ue 8 (which flue will be hereinafter referred to as the reverberatorychamber) is the fire-box or furnace-chamber proper F, and at the forward end of the boiler B, said boiler is provided with a cylindrical extension, without flues, which constitutes the smoke-box S, said smoke-box, S, being in communication with the relatively small iiues 9 of the boiler, but being cut olf from communication with the reverberatory chamber by the upper wall 10', of an ash-pan, P, which is herein shown secured to the shell and forward tine-sheet of the boiler B at thelower side thereof and in position for receiving the ashes and cinders as these are discharged over the forward end of the furnace-floor Gr.

The fire-box, F, may be constructed in any suitable manner and may, if desired, form a part integral with the boiler B,it being shown inclosed by the two side-walls 2, rear endwall 3, and roof 4, which roof is herein shown of the incandescent or composite type.

In the form herein shown the reverberatory-fiue is secured within the shell of the boiler with its periphery remote from the shell and remote from the relatively small flues 9 of said boiler. Said flue 8 is rendered heatresistant by being surrounded by water in the same manner as the small fines 9 of the boiler.

In the form thereof herein shown, the fueltraveling grate is of the endless grate variety and will, preferably, be of a construction similar to the grate shown and described in my prior application, Serial No. 519,730, tiled August 8, 1894, to which reference may be had. It will be obvious, however, that the con struction and organization of the grate may he varied within the scope and limits of my present invention.

The endless grate G, (which comprises the upper and lower runs 10 and l1, respectively, the upper run of which constitutes the furnace-floor proper and is supported for traveling movement within, and approximately midway of the height of, the reverberatorychamber or flue 8) is shown carried at one end of its circuit in the rear of the boiler, and at the other end of its circuit, in advance of the boiler by chain-wheels 12 and 14, respectively, carried upon shafts 13 and l5, respectively, journaled in suitable bearings at their ends, as most clearly shown in Figs. 2, 4 and 5 of the drawings.

Asaconvenientmeans for impartinga traveling movement to the grate G, I have shown the shaft 1 3 provided at one end thereof with a worm-wheel, 40, which meshes with a worm, 41, upon a driving-shaft 42, herein shown as vertically disposed and carried at opposite ends thereof in suitable bearings, and as a means for rotating the driving-shaft I have shown the said driving-shaft provided with a worm-wheel, 42', which meshes with a worm, 43, upon a cranked shaft which is herein shown as driven by a small reciprocating-engine, designated in a general way by E, which is shown as supported below the floor of the locomotive cab. At the rearward end of the fire-box is a fuel-supply hopper, H, the delivering end of which extends through the rear wall 3 of said firebox and terminates in close proximity to the upper face of the fuel-carrying run of the grate. As a convenient means for supplying fuel to the grate or furnace-floor through the hopper, H, I have provided, in connection with the receiving end of said hopper, a fuel-feeding apparatus, designated in a general way by C, which apparatus consists of a suitable feed trough, 20, which is secured to and practically forms a downward extension of the hopper, I-I, and an endless conveyerbelt, 21, provided with suitable conveyerbuckets, 22, and carried upon wheels 23 and 24,

- the one 23 of which is carried upon a shaft, 23',

journaled in bearings in the side-walls of the trough 2O at the lower end of said trough, and in close proximity to the floor of the cab, and the one 24 of which is carried uponthe shaft 24 journaled in bearings in the side-walls ot' the trough 20 near the upper end of said trough, and at the upper end of the hopper H. The trough 2O has a receiving boot at .the lower end thereof into which the fuel is thrown to be fed to the hopper II, said fuel being carried upward by the buckets of the conveyer-belt and dumped into the receiving endof the hopper, from whence it is delivered to the fuel-carrying run of the grate. The receiving end of the trough 2O extends over the forward end of the iioor of the tender L as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 of the drawings.

As a means for actuating the conveyer-belt, the shaft 24 at the upper end thereof is shown operatively connected with the driving-shaft 42 by means of a train of gearing including a clutch, which train of gearing is designated in a general way by T, and may be of any suitable construction and organization for imparting a traveling movement to the con- IOO IIO

Voyer-belt and for maintaining a comparative velocity of a requisite variation between the con veyer and fuel-traveling furnace-floor.

It will be obvious that means other than that shown in the drawings for imparting a traveling movement to the fuel-traveling furnace-floor G, and the fuel-feeding mechanism may be employed for this purpose without departure from my invention.

As a means forsupplying air to the fuel upon the upper run of the traveling-grate at varying pressures at successsive points in the length thereof, which fuel is represented by a dotted line,f, in Fig. 4, I have provided an air-blast apparatus which is located, in part, underneath the fuel-carrying run of said grate. This air-blast apparatus, in the form thereof herein shown, comprises a series of communicating air-supply chambers or compartments, a, Z1, c, d and e, having outlets contiguous to the upper run of the traveling-grate; a blower, D, having an air-conduit, 25, communicating with said chambers and means (herein shown as an engine, E) in connection with and adapted for actuating said blower. As a convenient means for constructing these air-supply chambers, the lower portion of the reverberatory flue S, or that portion of the iiue below the furnace-floor, is shown transversely divided at successively remote points by partitions a', b', c and d', respectively, the successive partitions being of successively increased lengths, as illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the lower ends of said partitions being remote from the lower edge of the reverberatory-iiue so as to not only limit the supply of air tothe successive chambers, but also secure free access to the chambers at the lower sides thereof, for facilitating the removal of ashes or cinders which may accidentally fall into said chambers from the fuel-carrying run of the grate.

The blower` for supplying air to the successive air-supply chambers is shown located upon the roof of the fire-box, the air-conduit, 25, thereof extending downward and through the side-wall of the` fire-box, slightly in the rear of the boiler B and communicating with the first air-supply chamber, a, of the series, said air-supply chamber having a rearward extension 25', contiguous to the delivering end of the conduit` 25.

In the drawings I have shown the blower as driven by a small engine E', which may be of the high-speed Westinghouse Variety, said engine being shown located with its shaft in alignment and operatively connected with the blower-sliat't. I do not desire to limit this invention to the particular means shown in the drawings for supplying air to thefuelcarrying run of the grate as these may be slightly modiled Without departure from my invention, as long as they areadapted for supplying air to the upper run of the traveling-grate at varying pressures at successive points in the length thereof.

As will be seen by reference to Figs. 2, 4

and 6 of the drawings the lower run 1l of the traveling-grate is carried outside of and below the boiler B;V it being shown (see Fig. 2) supported for the major portion of its length upon a slide-way ll which is connected at one end with the rear wall of the fire-box and at its opposite end with the front wall of the ash-pan P. In some cases, however, it may be desirable to have both the upper and lower runs of the grate located within the reverberatory-iiue, 8. Therefore,I do not desire to limit this invention to the exact organization of traveling-grate shown in the drawings.

In the preferred form thereof herein shown, the endless traveling-grate will comprise aseries of grate-sections, g, transversely-disposed with relation to the fire-box and reverberatory-chamber and pivotally connected together and carried by the links of endless chains, g', at opposite ends of said sections.

In operation, the fuel is fed to each section of the grate at, or before this section reaches the outlet of the first air-supply chamber, a, of the series of airsupply chambers located under the fuel-carrying run of the grate as before described. The fuel is then carried forward, maintained substantially in statu que, over the succeeding air-supply chambers b, c, CZ and e, during which traveling movement the combustible material of the fuel is consum ed and the resultant cinders or ashes are afterward carried forward over the end of the circuit of the grate and delivered into the ashpan P. In practice, the combustion goes on at one stage or another during the entire length of the re-box and reverberatory-chamber, 8, or throughout the entire length of the fuel-carrying run of the grate and consequently throughout the entire length .and below the relatively small flues 9 of the boiler. The ignition of the fuel takes place at the extreme rearward end of the grate or that area thereof immediately adjacent to the delivering end of the hopper I-I. During the successive stages of the combustion period, the gaseous products of the later stages of said combustion period will rise within the reverberatory chamber 8 and, owing to the direction of draft, will be carried backward toward and intermingled with the gaseous products of the first stages of the combustion period in the fire-box F at the extreme rearward end of the fuel-traveling grate.

This process of intermingling the products of 'the later stages of combustion with those of the rst stages of the combustion period consu mates a perfection in combustion practically impossible with locomotive-engines having lire-boxes of ordinary construction, and secures the maximum percentage of liberated energy, effected for steam generating purposes, from the minimum consumption of fuel.

As shown in the drawings (see Figs. 2, 5 and 6) the slide-way l1 for the lower run'll of the grat-e G is in the nature of a trough open at its upper side, the rear wall thereof being formed by the rear wall of the fire-box F,

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and the forward end thereof being connected with the front wall ofthe ash-pan P. This ash-pan is connected at its forward end with and extends below the boiler B, the front end thereof being shown extended a short distance into, but separated from, the smoke-box S of the boiler.

The rear-wall of the lire-box F will, in practice, have a sight opening therethrough for the purpose of inspecting the interior of said re-box.

Having thus described my invention, I claiml l 1. In a locomotive-engine, the combination with the wheel-axles and with the boiler-supporting frame carried by said axles, of a iiueboiler, a reverberatory-chamber located within said boiler and extending below and from end to end of the flues thereof, a fuel-traveling grate supported for traveling movement within and extending from end to end of the reverberatory chamber, means in connection with and adapted for actuating said grate, and means for supplying air at varying pressures to successive fuel-supporting areas of said grate, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

2. In alocomotive-engine, the combination with the locomotive-wheel axles, and with the boiler-supporting frame carried upon said axles, of a ilus-boiler having a reverberatorychamber, of relatively large diameter, located within the shell thereof, a fuel-traveling grate supported for traveling movement within the reverberatory-chamber below the boiler-dues, means in connection with and adapted for actuating said grate to impart a traveling movement to the fuel thereon, and means for supplying air to the fuel at varying pressures at successive points in the length of the traveling-grate, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination with the wheel-axles of a locomotive, of a flue-boiler supported above said axles having a reverberatory-chamber, of relatively large diameter, located within the shell and below the flues of said boiler, a fire-box located at the rearward end of and communicating with the said reverberatorychamber, a smoke-box located at the forward end of the boiler and communicating with the ues thereof, a fuel-carrying grate supported for traveling movement within the fire-box and reverberatory-chamber and extending from end to end of said boiler, means in position and adapted for supplying fuel to said grate, and means for supplying air at varying pressures to successive fuel-supporting areas, respectively, of said grate, substantialy as described and for the purpose set forth.

4. In alocomotive-engine, the combination with thelocomotive-wheel axles and theboilersupporting frame carried upon said axles, of a Hue-boiler having a reverberatory-chamber, of relatively large diameter, located within the shell and extending from end to end of said boiler, an endless grate supported for traveling movement with its upper run within and extending Vfrom end to end of the said reverberatory-chamber, means in connection with and adapted for imparting a circuitous movement to said grate, means for supplying fuel to said grate during the traveling movement thereof, and means for supplying air to the fuel at varying pressures at successive points in the length of the reverberatorychamber during the traveling movement of said fuel, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

5. ln a locomotive-engine, the combination with the locomotive-wheel axles and with the boiler-supporting frame carried upon said axles, ot` a flue-boiler having a multiplicity of relatively small iiues, and a relatively large iiue located below said relatively small lues, a lire-box located at the rearward end of said boiler and communicating with the ilues thereof, a smoke-box located at the forward end of the boiler and communicating with the small flues thereof, an ash-pan located at the forward end of the boiler and communicating with the relatively large flue thereof, a fuel-traveling grate supported for travelingmovement Within the relatively large flue and having its receiving end within the fire-box and having its delivering end extended into the upper portion of the ash-pan, means located at the rearward end of the fire-box and adapted for supplying fuel to the travelinggrate, means in connection with and adapted for actuating said traveling-grate for imparting a traveling movement to the fuel, and means in position and adapted for supplying air to successive fuel-supporting areas of the grate at varying pressures, respectively, during the traveling movement of the fuel, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a locomotive-engine, the combination with the locomotive-wheel axles and with the boiler-supporting frame carried upon said axles, of a fire-box and smoke-box located at opposite ends of the frame, a line-boiler supported intermediate to said fire -box and smoke-box and having a reverberatory-chamber, of relatively large diameter, in communication with the fire-box at one end and cut oi fromcommunication with the smoke-box at the opposite end by meansof an ash receptacle, means for imparting a circuitous movement to said endless grate, means for automatically feeding fuel to said grate within the fire-box and means for supplying air to successive fuel-supporting areas of the grate at varying pressures successively, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a locomotive-engine, the combination with the locomotive-wheel axles and with the boiler-supporting frame carried upon said axles, of a due-boiler carried by said frame and having a reverberatory-chamber, of relatively large diameter, located within the shell and below the lues of said boiler, a fire-box located at the rearward end of said boiler and IIO `communicating with said combustion-chamber, a fuel-traveling grate supported for traveling-movement within said reverberatorychamber and fire-box, a fuel-supply hopper adjacent to the rearward end of the fuel-traveling grate, a fuel-conveyer having its receiving end extended beyond the rearward end of the frame-work and in position to receive the,

coal from the tender, and having its discharge end above and in vertical alignment with the receiving end of the hopper, means in connection with and adapted for actuating said grate to impart a traveling movement to the fuel, means in connection with and adapted for actuating said conveyer and means for supplying air to the fuel-supporting area of said grate, substantially as described and for the purpose set-forth.

8. In a locomotive-engine, the combination with the locomotive-wheel axles, and with the boiler supportingl frame carried upon said axles, of a flue-boiler carried by said frame and having a reverberatory-chamber of relatively large diameter located within the shell and below the ues of said boiler, a fire-box located at the rearward end of said boiler and communicating with said combustion-chamber, a fuel-traveling grate supported for traveling movement within said reverberatorychamber and fire-box, a fuel-supply hopper adjacent to the rearward end of the fuel-traveling grate, a fuel-conveyer having its receiving end extended beyond the rearward end of the frame-Work and in position to receive the coal from the ten der, and having its discharge end above and in vertical alignment with the receiving end of the hoppenmeans in connection with and adapted for simultaneously actuating the fuel-conveyer and the traveling-grate at relatively different velocities, and means for supplying air to the fuel-supporting area of the grate, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

9. In a locomotive-engine, the combination with the flue-boiler, of a fuel-traveling grate supported for movement longitudinally of and below the ltlues of said boiler, an endless fuelconveyer located adjacent to the fuel-receiving end of and adapted for supplying fuel to the grate, and means in connection with and adapted for simultaneously actuatingthe endless conveyer and the grate at different velocities, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

10. In alocomotive-engine, the combination with the flue-boiler, of a reverberatory-chamber located within said boiler below the flues thereof, a fire-box in communication at one end with said reverberatory-chamber, a traveling grate located within said reverberatorychamber, and an endless traveling fuel-conveyer supported in the rear of the fire-box with its receiving-end substantially in alignment with the floor-line of said lire-box and with its delivering-end above and in communication with the receiving-end of the grate, and means in connection with and adapted der of said engine, of a fire-box in communication with said boiler, an endless traveling grate located within said boiler below the iiues thereof and extending from end to end of said lues, and a traveling fuel-conveyer supported intermediate to said chamber and the lire-box of the locomotive-engine and having its receiving-end projected into the rear of the forward end of the tender and having its delivering-end extended into the tire-box above the grate, and means in connection with and adapted for actuating said conveyer to carry fuel from the tender and deliver the same into the lire-box upon the grate, substantially as described.

12. The combination with the locomotiveengine and its tender and with the fire-box and the fine-boiler, of an endless fuel-traveling grate supported for traveling movement within the tire-box and boiler and extending below and from end to end of the lues of said boiler, a traveling fuel-conveyer supported intermediate to said tender and fire-box and having its receiving-end projected into the rear of the forward end of the tender and having its discharge-end above and adjacent to the receiving-end of the grate, and means in connection with and adapted for simultaneously actuating said conveyer and grate to impart a continuous traveling movement to the fuel from a point outside and in the rear of the fire-box to arpoint inside and to the extreme forward end of said tire-box and boiler, substantially as described.

13. In alocomotive-engine, the combination with the tire-box and tender and with the locomotive due-boiler having a reverberatorychamber located within the walls thereof, of a fuel-conveying apparatus `substantially such as described extending from a point immediately adjacent to the tender andl outside of the boiler to and through the reverberatory-chamber of the said boiler and adapted for automatically conveying fuel from the tender, with a progressive uniform movement, throughout the space intermediate to the tender and fire-box and through and from end to end of said tire-box and boiler, and means for actuating said conveying apparatus, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

14. In a locomotive-engine, the combination with the lire-box and tender and with the flueboiler having a reverberatory-chamber located within the walls thereof, of two endless fuel-conveyers one supported fortraveling movement inside of the fire-box and extending through the reverberatory-chamberof the boiler, and the other supported for traveling movement outside of the lire-box with its delivering-end adjacent to and above the receiving-end of the first-mentioned conveyer, and means in connection with and adapted for IIO actuating said conveyer to automatically impart a continuous traveling movement to the fuel from the outside of and entirely through the fire-box and boiler, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

15. 1n a locomotive-engine, the combination with the boiler and firebox thereof, of two traveling fuel-conveyers, one of which is snpported for traveling movement within the firebox, and the other of which is supported for traveling movement outside of, but is in communication with, said fire-box at a point above the receiving end of the conveyer located Within said fire-box, and means in connection with and adapted for simultaneously imparting a traveling movement to the two conveyers at proportionate velocities, to continuously feed the fuel forward from the outside of and through the lire-box, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

16. In a locomotive-engine, the combination with the locomotive-wheel axles, and with the boiler-supporting frame carried upon said axles, of a Hue-boiler, a fuel-traveling grate Supported for traveling movement below the boiler dues and between said flues and the frame-supporting axles, a series of air-supply chambers having outlet openings contiguous to the fuel-supporting run of said grate, a blower having an air-conduit in communication with said chambers, means for varying the pressures of air in the successive air-supply-chambers, means in connection with and adapted for actuating said grate and means in connection with and adapted for actuating said blower, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

17. 1n alocomotive-engine, the combination with the locomotive-wheel axles and with the boiler-supporting frame carried upon said axles, of a due-boiler, a fuel-traveling grate supported for traveling movement below the boiler lines and between said flues and the frame-supporting axles, means in connection with and adapted for actuating said grate, a series of air-blast chambers supported below and having outlet openings contiguous to the fuel-supporting run of said grate, a blower supported above said grate and having an airconduit in communication with the air-blast chambers and an independent engine supported above said grate, and in operative connection with, and adapted for actuating, said blower, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

18. In a locomotive-engine, the combination with the boiler and its fire-box, of an endless grate supported for traveling movement within said fire-box and boiler, and having a series of air-supply chambers supported below and having outlet openings contiguous to the fuelcarrying run thereof, means for imparting a traveling movement to said grate and means for supplying fuel thereto, a blower supported upon the roof of the fire-box and having an air-conduit extending through the side-Wall of the fire-box and communicating with one of the air-supply chambers, and an auxiliary engine supported above the boiler and in operative connection with, and adapted for, actuating the blower, substantially as described and for lthe purpose set forth.

FRANCIS H. RICHARDS. lVi'tnesses:

FRED. J. DOLE, H. J. BINGHAM. 

